Bile acids: the 'golden key' to activate the health benefits of Penaeus vannamei

The result is written at the beginning

1. Supplementing bile acids significantly improved the growth performance of Penaeus vannamei, with the addition of 1mg/kg bile acid group showing the most significant effect. Compared with the control group, the final weight (FBW) increased by 18.6%, the weight gain rate (WGR) increased by 19.5%, and the survival rate (SR) increased by 5.8% (p<0.05).

2. Supplementing bile acids significantly increased the activity of trypsin and lipase in the intestinal tissue of Litopenaeus vannamei (p<0.05).

3. Supplementing bile acids significantly increased the activity of antioxidant related enzymes in the liver and pancreas of Penaeus vannamei, and increased the mRNA expression levels of intestinal related immune genes (p<0.05).

4. Supplementing bile acids significantly altered the gut microbiota composition of Penaeus vannamei, reducing the proportion of harmful Proteobacteria and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial microorganisms such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.

In summary, supplementing with 1mg/kg and 10mg/kg bile acids significantly improved the growth performance, digestive ability, and antioxidant capacity of shrimp, with 1mg/kg supplementation showing the most significant effect and improving the gut microbiota composition of shrimp.

Experimental grouping

Experimental animal: Vannamei shrimp (initial weight: 1.21 ± 0.0.05g)

Grouping: Control group CT, experimental group BA1, BA2, BA3 supplemented with 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10mg/kg bile acid.

Test data

01 The effect of adding bile acids to feed on the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei

02 The effect of adding bile acids to feed on digestive enzyme activity in Litopenaeus vannamei

03  The effect of adding bile acids to feed on the antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver and pancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei

04  The effect of adding bile acids to feed on the expression of intestinal immune related genes in Penaeus vannamei

结论

       In summary, the results of this study indicate that bile acids effectively enhance the growth performance, digestive capacity, and antioxidant capacity of Litopenaeus vannamei. Meanwhile, the addition of bile acids increased the mRNA expression levels of relevant immune genes in the shrimp intestine. In addition, supplementation of bile acids can alter the microbial structure of shrimp intestines, promote the growth of actinomycetes and Bacteroidetes, and significantly reduce the abundance of harmful Proteobacteria. Therefore, based on the results of this study, we recommend using 1mg/kg bile acid as the optimal additive for shrimp to promote optimal growth, immune improvement, and intestinal health.

Author：Zhao Y, Chen D, Wang H.

The original：Effects of Bile Acids on Growth Performance, Hepatopancreatic Antioxidant Capacity, Intestinal Immune-Related Gene Expression, and Gut Microbiota of Penaeus vannamei

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